All About Bukittinggi

Geography
Bukittinggi (Indonesian for "high hill") is one of the larger cities in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of over 91,000 people and an area of 25.24 km². It is situated in the Minangkabau highlands, 90 km by road from the West Sumatran capital city of Padang. It is located at 0°18′20″S100°22′9″E, near the volcanoes Mount Singgalang (inactive) and Mount Marapi (still active). At 930 m above sea level, the city has a cool climate with temperatures between 16.1°-24.9°C.
Bukittinggi is a city located in the heart of West Sumatra. Being one of the largest cities inWest Sumatra, Bukittinggi has a population of about 91,000 inhabitants. The city is situated between three mountains, namely Mt Singgalang, Marapi Mountain, and Mount Sago.Bukittinggi had previously been dubbed the Paris Fort de Kock and van Sumatra. and also,this city was once the capital of the Republic of Indonesia at the time of PDRI. Bukittinggi isthe hometown of the proclaimer, Bung Hatta.

History of Bukittinggi
Bukittinggi in the state administration since Dutch colonial times, Japanese colonial eraand the era of independence with its variations remains the central government a portion of Central Sumatra and Sumatra as a whole, even Bukittinggi once served as the CentralGovernment of the Republic of Indones ia setela Yogyajarta occupied Netherlands from December 1948 to the month in June 1949.The city has its origins in five villages which served as the basis for a marketplace. The city was known as Fort de Kock during colonial times in reference to the Dutch outpost established here in 1825 during the Padri War. The fort was founded by Captain Bauer at the top of Jirek hill and later named after the then Lieutenant Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Hendrik Merkus de Kock. The first road connecting the region with the west coast was built between 1833 and 1841 via the Anai Gorge, easing troop movements, cutting the costs of transportation and providing an economic stimulus for the agricultural economy. In 1856 a teacher-training college (Kweekschool) was founded in the city, the first in Sumatra, as part of a policy to provide educational opportunities to the indigenous population. A rail line connecting the city with Payakumbuh and Padang was constructed between 1891 and 1894.

As a former Dutch government, Dutch Bukittinggi is always enhanced by his role in state administration, from what dinamakanGemetelyk Resort based Stbl 1828. The Netherlandshas set up a defensive stronghold in 1825, which until now blockhouse is still known as Fort"Fort De Kock". The city has been used also by the Dutch as a resting place officers inthecolonies in the east of this.

At the time of the struggle for Independence of the Republic of Indonesia Bukitinggi role asthe city struggles. From December 1948 until June 1949 was appointed as the Mother CityEmergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PDRI) after Yogyakarta fell into Dutch hands, once the capital city of Bukittinggi Sumatra Province with Mr. governors.Tengku Muhammad Hasan. Later in the regulations in Lieu of Law No.. 4 in 1959, United Kingdom established as the capital city of Central Sumatra-residency that includesresidencies, West Sumatra, Jambi and Riau are now each residency has become its ownprovinces.Having developed the prefecture of West Sumatra province of West Sumatra, Bukittinggi isdesignated as the capital of his province,. since 1958 the de facto capital of Province have moved to a deyuire Padangnamun Bukittinggi in 1978 then no longer be the capital of WestSumatra province, with the release of Government Regulation no. 29 in 1979 to move thecapital of West Sumatra province to Padang.Right now the status of municipalities Bukittinggi Regional Level II in accordance with lawNo.. 5 year 1974 concerning Regional Government which has been perfected by Law NO.22/99menjadi of Bukittinggi.

Briefly the development of Bukittinggi can be seen as follows :
A. In the period of Dutch colonization
Originally Geemente Fort De Kock and then became Staadgemente Fort De Kock,as stipulated in No. Staadblad. 358 in 1938 the total area equal to the area of Bukittingginow.

B. During the Period of Japanese Occupation

At this time the United Kingdom named Shi Sho Yaku a wider area than the CityBukittingggi now coupled with Nagari-Nagari Sianok, Gadit, Ampang Tower, Taba and Bukit Batu Batabuah.

C. During the Period of Independence Until Now

In the early days of the proclamation, an area of ​​Bukittinggi same as now with the firstWaliktanya namely Barmawi Sutan Rajo Ameh.

With the provisions of Bukittinggi Sumatra Province Governor No. 391 dated June 9, 1947concerning the establishment of Bukittinggi as the City has the right to govern themselves.

Big City as set Bukittinggi Law no. 9 in 1956 on the establishment of the Autonomous Cityof Bukittinggi in the environment of Central Sumatra Province jo Basic Law on Local Government No. 22 tahun1960.

Township Bukittinggi, as regulated in Law No. Local Government. 1 in 1957 jo. Pen. Prs.No. 6 in 1959 jo. Pen. prs. No. 5 in 1960.

Municipality where Bukittinggi as stipulated in Law no. 5 of 1974 on the Principles of Local Government.

The leadership of Local Government, either as officials senentara (Acting) or as an officer(Pj), as well as the Mayor of Choice (KDH) can be is assigned as follows:
- Barmawi Sutan Rajo Ameh
- Iskandar Teja Kusuma
- Ensure Dt. Bagindo
- Aziz Karim
- Enin Karim
- Saadudin Jambek
- Nauman Jamil Dt. Mangkuto Ameh
- MB. Dt.  Majo Basa Nan Kuning
- Latif Syahbuddin Dt. Sibungsu
- Dr. S. Rivai
- Bahar Kamil Marah Sutan
- Anwar Maksum Marah Sutan
- M. Asril, SH
- A. Kamal, SH
- Drs. Masri
- Drs. Oemar Gaffar
- Drs. B. Barhanudin
- Drs. Hasan Basri (PLT. Mayor)
- Agus Armedi
- Drs. Rusdi Lubis (PLT Mayor)
- Drs. H. Djufri
- Drs. H. Oktisir Sjovijerli Osir (PLT. Mayor)
- Drs. H. Djufri
- H. Ismet Amzis, SH (now)

Anniversary of Bukittinggi

Determination of the anniversary of a city of great importance, both for their peoples and for the city itself. For the Government of Bukittinggi meaning anniversary aims to:

Knowing the historical foundation for understanding the city life the ideals embodied in the experience of history.
Obtain the identity of the city's presence on the stage of historical development of the nation as a whole.
Obtaining an ideal setting in pioneering the development of the next city.
Based on the above matters, Bukittinggi City Government held a meeting with community leaders both in local and overseas, and finally asked for the opinion of Parliament to givean alternative date can be set as the anniversary of Bukittinggi, after seeking the opinionsome community leaders both located in Traditional density Nagari (KAN) and the density of Indigenous Kurai (KAK) with accompanying expectations, Local Government should bea definite date for the determination of an agency or institution designate a professional in her field for seminar.
 As a follow up of the above activities, the Government of Bukittinggi, in collaboration with the University Andalas and some experts in local history and national levels have beenmenseminarkannya.
 The results of the seminar was approved by parliament of Bukittinggi with No.10/SK-II/DPRD/1988 decree dated December 15, 1988, finally Pemerinath Region with themayor of Decree No. Head of Bukittinggi. 188.45-177-1988 dated December 17, 1988Anniversary set of Bukittinggi dated December 22, 1784

A history of physical Bukittinggi can be described as follows:
 1. Pasar Atas
Pasar Atas was founded on the bukit Kabau Kandang in 1858, the first building construction los galung with curved roof-shaped metal frame.

2. Zoo

Zoo Gardens was formerly with the name later changed its name to Taman Puti Bungsu. With the Local Government. 2 in 1995 was named Parks Wildlife and Cultural Kinantan. Built in 1900 with the name on the Mount Cubadak Stormpark Bungkuak by Conteleur Gravenzande. In 1929 has become a zoo veterinarian with the leadership of J. Ock.

3. Janjang 40

To contact the Market to Market Banto Top and Bottom Market dinagunlah Janjang 40.There is actually rung on the ladder which amounted to 100 pieces, but the named level 40 because the number of small steps on the steep side of the upper totaling 40 units.Established in 1898 became Assistant Agam Westeenek period.

4. Benteng

The fort was founded by Captain Baeur in 1825 at the Mount Jirek, namely during the Baron de Kock Mark Hendrick de Roepen Commander and Deputy Governor General of Dutch East Indies. From hence the name of Fort de Kock.

5. Jam Gadang

Jam Gadang is a symbol of the city of Bukittinggi Bukittinggi so often called the city Jam Gadang, founded in 1926 by Countorleur Rookmaker.

6. Janjang Gantuang

Janjang Gantuang was set at tahun1932 while Cator Countoleur Agam Tuo penyebarangan utilized as a bridge from Market to Market slope down.

7. Rumah Adat Baanjuang

This custom home was established in 1935 on Mount Cubadak Bungkuak that is, in Wildlife Parks and Cultural Kinantan now in the J. Mandelaar Countroleur Agam Tuo. In this custom home lots of stored objects of heritage bauk Bukittinggi and Minangkabau.

8. Schools

Ever since the Dutch colonial era, has been widely established in New York City schools are the only one to Sumatra, Bukittinggi supported the cool weather suitable for education.
The schools are founded are as follows:
a. Kweek School, the only school for the island of Sumatra and is also called the King school. This is where student teacher candidates untukl Bumiputra.
b. MOSVLA who is also the only one in Sumatra where the candidates The civil service and       police.
c. MULO there are 2 pieces owned by the Government in Minang Kabau and a privately owned managed by IVOORSA
d. HIS government owned 2 fruit and 3 fruit is managed by the private sector, namely one by PGI, 1 by VSM (now PSM) and 2 longer established by Zainuddin Sutan named VORSA Kingdom, branches in Medan with IVORNO name.
9. Hospital
Ahmad Mochtar Hospital is now, was originally built by the Dutch government for its military interests, YARSI, Army Hospital IV, Hospital Development Center handling of Stroke Nasioanal (P3SN) RSUP Bukittinggi and Madina Hospital.

10.Janjang Gudang

Region of Bukittinggi

Bukittinggi City currently consists of three districts with 24 districts. Bukittinggi will hold achange of boundaries, by including some of the territory into the territory of Agam regencytown of Bukittinggi, so that later the town of Bukittinggi has 145.299 km2 area consisting of7 districts and 58 villages / village with a population of 175,452 inhabitants.

Community of Bukittinggi

Bukittinggi city has 98,505 inhabitants according to recent data of people with an averagegrowth rate of 2.04% and an average density of 3905 persons per-Km. with the spirit ofcommunity building Bukittinggi was quite encouraging, as evidenced by the growing prosperity of living which is generally edged as a trader, pegawa, farmers, smallbusinessmen indusrti and crafts as well as other services, with income per capita of 2002USD. 8,200,265.87 from the data temporarily, until the end of 2004 is estimated to reachRp. 8,500,000.00.
Most of the town Bukittinggi Muslims around 97.89% and the remainder are Catholic,Protestant, Buddhist and Hindu. Densest population residing in the district's bottom scrapings length, because the center of commerce and activity assessments are mostly located in the district with an average density of 5531 people / km.

Symbol of Bukittinggi

Symbol the pentagon-shaped shield, Painting in the symbol of the area consists of:

1.Words: Bukittinggi
2.Pentagon shines at the top of the peak
3.Traditional House Gonjong 4 (four)
4.Gobah berlenggek (stratified) two
5.Carano complete with betel  frayed dalamak 17.
6.hills, two on the background and seven on the front.
7.Line middle of the steep village 8.
8.Motto "Saayun Salangkah"

Basic colors, painting / drawing and the outline of the article referred to the RegionalEmblem 4 is as follows:
1.Red: pentagon shield base color and color tassels dalamak
2.Black: color edge dasra pentagon, gonjong adapt homes, writing and basic colorsBukittinggi motto "Saayun Salangkah"
3.Gold: Carano color and five-pointed star
4.Green: the color of the canyon and hill

Population

The development of the urban population can not be separated from the change inBukittinggi Bukittingi a trade center in the Minangkabau highlands, starting with the marketdibangunya by the Dutch East Indies government in 1890 under the name loods, local people spell it with loih, with a curved roof became known as the Loih Galuang.
Today, the city Bukittingi is the most populous city in the province of West Sumatra, with aworkforce of 52,631 people and about 3845 of them are unemployed. [3] The city isdominated by ethnic Minangkabau, but there are also ethnic Chinese, Javanese, Tamiland Batak.
Chinese community to come together with the emergence of markets in London, theyallowed the Dutch East Indies government to build a shop / kiosk at the foot of the hillfortress of Fort de Kock west, stretching from south to north, now known as KampungCino. While the Indian traders placed in the foothills of the north, a circular from east to west and is now called Kampung Keling.

Government

Since 1918 the town of Bukittinggi has gemeente status, then in 1930 the city areawas expanded to 5.2 km ². During the Japanese occupation of the territory of this townagain expanded. Then at the beginning of the independence of Indonesia overlappingterritorial limits of this town because of a unilateral determination of both the Dutch East Indies and Japan.Currently these municipal boundaries surrounded by Agam regency, and konfik between the two governments regarding border area is still ongoing,  added after the release ofGovernment Regulation. 84 of 1999 concerning changes to border town of Bukittinggi andAgam regency, from government regulation (PP) is an area of ​​the town of Bukittinggi grew to 145.29,90 km ², with a few villages that were previously included on the Japanese occupation is within the administrative town of Bukittinggi. But with the passing of the reform of government that provides a broad right of autonomyto the district and the city, came back from rejection Agam district community on the expansion and development of the town of Bukittinggi region. Agam district for the community into the area of urban sprawl, the loss was due to return to the application of the model village governance is more promising, than in sub systems. In addition the assumption arises, people who have heterogeneous city would also tend to give effect toindigenous traditions and the wealth that had been owned by the village.

Economy

Galuang Loih market developments now called Market Ateh, making the Dutch East Indies government then re-develop the market, by rebuilding a loods to the east in 1900, precisely at the waist area of the hill adjacent to the ditch that flows at the foot of the hill,because market place is located in the slope of the local people call it by name Telengmarket (Italic) or market slope. The next development in the surrounding area appear again in the next several markets including the Lower Markets and Market Banto. Instructuring the market, the Dutch East Indies government also connects each market withlong and slender (stairs) and among the famous is called by the name of bunch 40.
To reduce buildup on one area of ​​the town of Bukittinggi and then develop the urban areato the east by the Yellow Aur Market building, which currently is one of the wholesale tradecenter for goods convection in the town of Bukittinggi. While the traditional markets around the area such as the Clock Tower Ateh Market, Market and Market Bottom Slope, nowevolved into a place selling handicrafts and souvenirs typical of Minangkabau.
Due to a small area, the trade sector is one option that is right for the town of Bukittinggi in increasing per capita income, and has become one of the main objectives in the field of trade on the island of Sumatra.
In addition Bukittinggi city government also spawned several programs in alleviatingpoverty among the training increased diversification in the form of training and skills upgrading training making kebaya embroidery, as well as growing new entrepreneurial

Tranportation

Bukittinggi is at a strategic position, connected with several other cities including the cities that are outside the province of West Sumatra, as the city of Pekanbaru and Medan, and atown through which the Trans Central Sumatra. Terminal Aur Yellow is the main terminal forfreight ground transportation in this city. As for transportation in the city, available means oftransportation other than city microbus and a hansom cab (carriage horses).
Previously the city is traversed by a railway line from the city Payakumbuh to the city of Padang, which was built around the early 20th century during the reign of the Dutch East Indies, but after independence the means of transportation is no longer active.
The city also has a non-class air transport facilities are named Airport Bukittinggi.

Tourism

The development of tourism is one of the leading sectors for the city of Bukittinggi, the many interesting attractions, make this city dubbed as the "city tour". Currently in the town of Bukittinggi has been there about 60 hotels and 15 travel agencies. [30] Hotels located in cities such as The Hills Bukittinggi (formerly Novotel), Hotel Pusako and so on.
Sianok canyon valley is one of the main attractions. Panorama Park is located in the town of Bukittinggi allow tourists to see the beautiful scenery Sianok canyon. Inside the parkthere is also a cave Panorama hideaway former Japanese soldiers during World War II is referred to as Japan's Hole Bukittinggi.
In the park there is a replica Kanduang Bundo Tower House which serves as a museum ofMinangkabau culture, Bukittinggi Zoo and Fort de Kock is connected by a pedestrian bridge called the Bridge Limpapeh. Limpapeh pedestrian bridge above the road A. Yaniwhich is the main street in the town of Bukittinggi.
Market Ateh (pasas above) are adjacent to the Clock Tower which is the center of the city.In the market there are many sellers Ateh handicrafts and embroidery [31] as well assnacks souvenirs typical of West Sumatra as Karupuak Sanjai (cassava chips ala Sanjaiarea in London) is made from cassava, Karupuak Jangek made ​​from cow or buffaloleather and Karak Kaliang, a kind typical of Bukittinggi snacks shaped like a figure 8.Currently, he also has built several modern shopping centers in the city of Bukittinggi.

Traditional Foods and Drinks

Cuisine of West Sumatra is a type of cuisine that developed in the province of WestSumatra. Culinary products of West Sumatra is one that is widely known in Indonesia and is also called Minangkabau cuisine introduced by the nomads from various regions in theMinangkabau of West Sumatra. There are many recipes and variations based on regionalcuisines of West Sumatra, town or district, among others, Bukittinggi, Padang, PadangPanjang, Payakumbuh, Solok, Batusangkar, Agam, Dharmasraya and so on. Despitediverse cuisine Minangkabau not just come from the city of Padang, West Sumatra cuisinewas already known to the general public as Padang cuisine. West Sumatra, known to manydishes using coconut milk and meat, has a spicy flavor from the use of herbs .